ECHO MADE EASY 2nd EDITION.

ATUL LUTHRA
Diplomate National Board of Medicine
Consultant Medical and Heart Specialist, Delhi.

Ultrasound has revolutionised clinical practice by providing the fifth dimension to physical examination after inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation. Echocardiography is the application of ultrasound for examining the heart.  It is a practical, widely available, cost effective and non-invasive means of diagnosis. 

 This the 2^rd edition of  Echo Made Easy has been greatly improved - the text has been changed into bullet-point format to improve readability and recall.  The illustrations and figures have been redrawn and colour-flow maps are now depicted in their true colours as they appear on the screen during echocardiography.  In addition, an entire new chapter on Colour-Doppler Echo has been incorporated and is supported by coloured illustrations.

 The book begins with the basic principles of ultrasound and Doppler and the clinical applications of various echo-modalities. This is followed by an account of different echo-windows and normal echo-views with due emphasis being laid on pitfalls in diagnosis, differentiation between seemingly similar findings, their causation and their clinical relevance.

 This book is particularly intended for students of cardiology as well as keen clinicians wanting to know more about echocardiography .

Contents: 1.What is an ECHO? Principle of Ultrasound Principle of Doppler, 2.Conventional Echo – 2-Decho, M-Mode Echo, CW Doppler, PW Doppler, Clinical Applications of Conventional Echo, 3. Colour Doppler Echo – Principle, Technique, Advantages, Limitations, Applications, 4.The Echo Windows – Transthoracic Echo, Echo Windows, Transoesophageal Echo, Future Directions in Echo, 5.Normal Views and Values – Normal Echo, Sequence of Scanning, What is Normal?, Normal Variants, Normal Values, Normal Valves, 6.Ventricular Dysfunction – LV Systolic Dysfunction, LV Diastolic Dysfunction, RV Dysfunction, 7. Cardiomyopathies – Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCMP), Restrictive Cardiomyopathy (RCMP), Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HOCM), 8.Coronary Artery Disease – Indications for Echo in Coronary Artery Diseases, Myocardial Ischemia, Myocardial Infarction, Left Ventricular Dysfunction, Right Ventricular Dysfunction, Acute Mitral Regurgitation, Acute Ventricular Septal Defect, Left Ventricular Aneurysm,  Ventricular Mural Thrombus, Acute Pericardial Effusion, Coronary Artery Anomalies, Simulating Conditions, Stress Echocardiography, 9. Systemic Hypertension, 10.Pulmonary Hypertension, 11.Aortic Diseases, 12.Congenital Heart Diseases – Ventricular Septal Defect, Atrial Septal Defect, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, Tetralogy of Fallot, Eisenmenger Reaction, Quantification of Shunt, 13.Valvular Diseases – Mitral Stenosis, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Flail Mitral Leaflet, Mitral Annular Calcification, Mitral Regurgitation, Tricuspid Stenosis, Tricuspid Regurgitation, Ebstein’s Anomaly, Aortic Stenosis, Aortic Regurgitation, Pulmonary Stenosis, Pulmonary Regurgitation, 14.Pericardial Diseases – Pericardial Effusion, Cardiac Tamponade, Constrictive Pericarditis, 15.Endocardical Diseases, 16.Intracardiac Masses – Cardiac Tumours, Left Atrial Myxoma, Cardiac Thrombi, Ventricular Thrombus, 17.Thromboembolic Diseases, 18.Systemic Diseases